NoSQL数据库技术探秘习题及答案解析_高级大数据开发

一、选择题

1. What is the main difference between Key-Value and Document databases?

A. Key-Value stores only store keys and values, while Document stores documents with fields and values.
B. Document stores only store documents, while Key-Value stores key-value pairs.
C. Key-Value stores all data in a hierarchical tree structure, while Document stores data in flexible schema.
D. Key-Value stores data in sorted order, while Document stores data in unstructured order.

2. Which of the following is not a type of NoSQL database?

A. Key-Value
B. Document
C. Column-Family
D. Graph
E. Object

3. What is the main feature of Document databases?

A. It stores data in flexible schema.
B. It supports ACID transactions.
C. It has a scalable architecture.
D. It doesn't support CRUD operations.

4. What is the purpose of Column-Family in NoSQL databases?

A. To store data in a hierarchical tree structure.
B. To divide the data into different types.
C. To implement data replication and consistency.
D. To optimize query performance.

5. Which of the following NoSQL databases is best suited for real-time big data processing?

A. Key-Value
B. Document
C. Column-Family
D. Graph

6. Which NoSQL database supports both key-value and document data models?

A. Cassandra
B. MongoDB
C. Amazon DynamoDB
D. Google Bigtable

7. What is the main advantage of using NoSQL databases over traditional RDBMS?

A. They can handle large amounts of unstructured data.
B. They support ACID transactions.
C. They have better scalability.
D. They are more cost-effective.

8. Which NoSQL database is best suited for storing and querying semi-structured data?

A. Key-Value
B. Document
C. Column-Family
D. Graph

9. Which of the following NoSQL databases is known for its high write throughput?

A. Cassandra
B. MongoDB
C. Amazon DynamoDB
D. Google Bigtable

10. What is the default data model in Apache Cassandra?

A. Relational
B. Document
C. Key-Value
D. Graph

11. 在NoSQL数据库中, CAP理论中的CAP指的是?

A. Consistency
B. Availability
C. Partition Tolerance
D. Scalability

12. NoSQL数据库的部署模型主要有哪几种?

A. 单节点部署
B. master-slave部署
C. sharding部署
D. replication deploy

13. What is the main difference between a document and a key-value pair?

A. A document has a fixed schema, while a key-value pair does not.
B. A document can have multiple fields, while a key-value pair has only one field.
C. A document is typically used for querying, while a key-value pair is used for storing.
D. A document is stored in memory, while a key-value pair is stored on disk.

14. In a NoSQL database, which data model is best suited for modeling real-time, highly connected data?

A. Table-based
B. Document-based
C. Key-value based
D. Graph-based

15. Which of the following is NOT a feature of a column-family in a NoSQL database?

A. It provides an efficient way to store large amounts of sparse data.
B. It allows for flexible schema design.
C. It enables efficient data queries over large periods of time.
D. It simplifies data replication and consistency.

16. What is the primary reason for using a distributed hash table in a NoSQL database?

A. To handle high write loads.
B. To provide fault tolerance.
C. To improve query performance.
D. To scale out the database horizontally.

17. Which NoSQL database uses a distributed architecture and provides strong consistency guarantees?

A. Cassandra
B. MongoDB
C. Riak
D. Amazon DynamoDB

18. Which HTTP method is used for retrieving a specific document from a NoSQL database?

A. GET
B. POST
C. PUT
D. DELETE

19. Which NoSQL database is best suited for handling real-time stream data?

A. Key-value pairs
B. Document-based
C. Graph-based
D. Table-based

20. What is the main advantage of using a NoSQL database compared to a traditional relational database?

A. Scalability
B. Flexibility
C. Performance
D. Data consistency

21. 在NoSQL数据库中,Key-Value存储的主要特点是:

A. 表结构固定
B. 键值对有序
C. 支持事务操作
D. 可扩展性高

22. 下列哪种数据库适用于面向大规模数据的存储和查询?

A. MySQL
B. PostgreSQL
C. MongoDB
D. Cassandra

23. 在NoSQL数据库中,Column-Family的主要作用是:

A. 对数据进行分区
B. 对数据进行压缩
C. 管理数据库事务
D. 存储组织数据

24. 在图数据库中,Node表示的是:

A. 数据库中的表格
B. 数据库中的一条记录
C. 数据库中的一个字段
D. 数据库中的一笔交易

25. 下列哪个NoSQL数据库不支持ACID事务?

A. MySQL
B. MongoDB
C. Redis
D. Cassandra

26. 下列关于Graph数据库的描述,正确的是:

A. Graph数据库适合存储小规模数据
B. Graph数据库适合存储结构化数据
C. Graph数据库适合存储半结构化数据
D. Graph数据库适合存储大规模数据

27. 下列关于NoSQL数据库的描述,正确的是:

A. NoSQL数据库都是非关系型数据库
B. NoSQL数据库都支持ACID事务
C. NoSQL数据库都支持事务操作
D. NoSQL数据库都可以进行分布式部署

28. 在大数据处理中,Hadoop生态系统的重要组成部分是:

A. Hive
B. Pig
C. HBase
D. MapReduce

29. 在NoSQL数据库中,对象存储的代表是:

A. MySQL
B. MongoDB
C. Amazon S3
D. Cassandra

30. NoSQL数据库的优点包括哪些?

A. 事务支持
B. 易于扩展
C. 高可用性
D. 强一致性

31. Which of the following is a NoSQL database?

A. MySQL
B. PostgreSQL
C. MongoDB
D. Oracle

32. What is the main advantage of key-value stores over traditional relational databases?

A. Scalability
B. Consistency
C. Flexibility
D. Performance

33. What is a document store?

A. A type of NoSQL database
B. A type of relational database
C. A type of object store
D. A type of graph database

34. What is a column-family in a NoSQL database?

A. A group of related columns
B. A collection of indexes
C. A data model for a NoSQL database
D. A way to partition data

35. What is a graph database used for?

A. Transactions
B. Storing and querying structured data
C. Real-time analytics
D. Both B and C

36. What is the main difference between NoSQL and SQL databases?

A. NoSQL databases use a different query language
B. NoSQL databases are only used for web applications
C. SQL databases are more scalable than NoSQL databases
D. NoSQL databases do not support transactions

37. What is CAP theory?

A. It states that a database can only have one of the following: consistency, availability, and partition tolerance.
B. It is a marketing term used to describe the benefits of NoSQL databases.
C. It is a theory used to explain the trade-offs between NoSQL and SQL databases.
D. It is a term used to describe the limitations of NoSQL databases.

38. What is a NoSQL database best suited for?

A. Storing small amounts of structured data
B. Handling large amounts of unstructured data
C. Providing real-time analytics
D. Both B and C

39. Which of the following is a popular document store?

A. MongoDB
B. Cassandra
C. Amazon S3
D. OpenStack Swift

40. 在NoSQL数据库中,Column-Family是一种存储层次结构,其目的是:

A. 提高写入性能
B. 提高读取性能
C. 简化数据访问
D. 优化数据压缩

41. 以下哪种算法是NoSQL数据库中常用的分布式事务处理算法?

A. two-phase commit
B. three-phase commit
C. four-phase commit
D. five-phase commit

42. 在NoSQL数据库中,CAP理论中的CAP代表:

A. Consistency
B. Availability
C. Partition Tolerance
D. Replication

43. NoSQL数据库中,以下哪个选项不是NoSQL数据库的特点?

A. 分布式
B. 可扩展性
C. 高可用性
D. 强一致性

44. 在NoSQL数据库中,以下哪种数据库适用于海量数据的存储?

A. 关系型数据库
B. Key-Value存储
C. Column-Family存储
D. Graph数据库

45. 在NoSQL数据库中,以下哪个选项表示数据在多个节点上的复制和同步?

A. Master-Slave replication
B. Multi-Master replication
C. Ring replication
D. Quorum replication
二、问答题

1. 什么是NoSQL数据库?


2. NoSQL数据库有哪些类型?


3. Key-Value 存储有什么特点?


4. 什么是 CAP 理论?


5. NoSQL 数据库有哪些部署模型?


6. 什么是 Data Model?


7. 什么是数据倾斜?


8. 什么是分片?


9. 什么是 NoSQL 数据库的高可用性?


10. 什么是监控和调优?




参考答案

选择题:

1. A 2. E 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. A
11. D 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D 16. D 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. B
21. D 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. BC
31. C 32. A 33. A 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. C
41. A 42. C 43. D 44. D 45. D

问答题:

1. 什么是NoSQL数据库?

NoSQL数据库是一种不使用关系型数据库的数据库系统,它具有灵活的 schema、支持高 scalability 和高可用性等特点。
思路 :首先解释什么是关系型数据库,然后说明NoSQL数据库的特点及其优势。

2. NoSQL数据库有哪些类型?

NoSQL数据库主要分为四大类,分别是 Key-Value 存储、Document Store、Column-Family 存储和 Graph 数据库。
思路 :回答问题时要清晰地列举出各类型的 NoSQL 数据库,并简要介绍它们的特点。

3. Key-Value 存储有什么特点?

Key-Value 存储是一种简单的数据存储方式,每个数据通过一个键值对(Key-Value)的形式存储。它的特点是快速读取、插入和删除数据。
思路 :回答问题时要明确 Key-Value 存储的特点,并结合具体例子进行说明。

4. 什么是 CAP 理论?

CAP 理论是 NoSQL 数据库中的一条基本原则,它指出一个 NoSQL 数据库最多只能满足一致性(Consistency)、可用性(Availability)和分区容错性(Partition Tolerance)这三个属性中的两个。
思路 :首先解释 CAP 理论的概念,然后阐述每个属性的含义,最后讨论在实际应用中如何做出权衡。

5. NoSQL 数据库有哪些部署模型?

NoSQL 数据库主要有主从复制、多主、分布式和云原生等部署模型。
思路 :回答问题时要列举出各种部署模型,并简要介绍它们的优缺点。

6. 什么是 Data Model?

Data Model 是用于描述数据结构的一种概念,它可以表示实体、属性、关系等信息。
思路 :首先解释 Data Model 的概念,然后说明它在数据库设计中的重要性。

7. 什么是数据倾斜?

数据倾斜是指在 NoSQL 数据库中,部分节点的数据量远远超过其他节点,导致查询性能下降的问题。
思路 :回答问题时要解释数据倾斜的定义,然后分析其对数据库性能的影响。

8. 什么是分片?

分片是将一个大表分成多个小表的技术,以提高查询性能。
思路 :首先解释分片的概念,然后说明分片的优缺点。

9. 什么是 NoSQL 数据库的高可用性?

NoSQL 数据库的高可用性是指数据库能够在故障情况下保持运行的能力。
思路 :回答问题时要解释高可用性的概念,然后分析 NoSQL 数据库如何实现高可用性。

10. 什么是监控和调优?

监控和调优是在数据库运行过程中对数据库参数、性能等进行检测和调整的过程,以保证数据库的稳定性和性能。
思路 :首先解释监控和调优的概念,然后说明它们在数据库管理中的重要性。

IT赶路人

专注IT知识分享